The biopharmaceutical sector is transitioning from reactive off-line quality control to a proactive quality by design (QbD) framework. Process analytical technology (PAT) enables this shift through ...

Researchers at the University of Hamburg, the University of Toulouse, and the DESY and ESRF research institutes have observed for the first time in real time how iron-sulfur nanostructures form in ...

Structural robustness—the ability of a structure to withstand unforeseen or extreme events without suffering disproportionate ...

Structural biology is the study of the molecular structure and dynamics of biological macromolecules, particularly proteins and nucleic acids, and how alterations in their structures affect their ...

Decades before they would be lionized by the rise of glycobiology and demonized by the Atkins diet, carbohydrates were quietly doing wonders for biological research. In 1955, Oliver Smithies published ...

Drug discovery requires two separate steps: checking whether a drug can bind to a harmful molecule or its receptor, and ...

Abstract: In this paper, we study the convergence properties of the natural gradient methods. By reviewing the mathematical condition for the equivalence between the Fisher information matrix and the ...

Abstract: Smart contracts have gained extensive adoption across diverse industries, including finance, supply chain, and the Internet of Things. Nevertheless, the surge in security incidents of smart ...

Investopedia contributors come from a range of backgrounds, and over 25 years there have been thousands of expert writers and editors who have contributed. Gordon Scott has been an active investor and ...

A new structural material builds upon the promise of enzyme-enhanced CO2 mineralization to overcome decarbonization ...