Evolution is a complicated thing. Much of modern evolutionary biology seeks to reconcile the seeming randomness of the forces behind the process — how mutations occur, for example — with the ...

From popular culture to the dark corners of the internet, there are many claims about “fundamental” differences between people on the basis of gender, racial or ethnic groups, sexuality, or other ...

In 1859, Charles Darwin coined the term “living fossils” to describe organisms that show little species diversity or physical differences from their ancestors in the fossil record. In a new study, ...

Protein evolution plays a key role in many biological processes that are essential for life – but what does it have to do with physics? Schematic overview of procedure used to generate simulated ...

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The Indigenous peoples of the Bolivian highlands are survivors. For thousands of years they have lived at altitudes of more than two miles, where oxygen is about 35 percent lower than at sea level.