A pH meter measures a pH or the acidity/alkalinity of substances. Most pH meters rely on a glass electrode that measures the number of hydrogen ions in the solution. Usually, pH meters need to be ...

Chloride and protons perform important closely related roles in many cellular responses. Here we developed a ratiometric biosensor, ClopHensor, based on a highly chloride-sensitive Aequorea victoria ...

Throughout human history, discerning sour from bitter tastes in both liquid and solid foods has been essential. For instance, vinegar and lemon juice are widely identified as sour, whereas soapy water ...

The authors consider several common techniques for verifying the accuracy of liquid-handling equipment and offer guidance for finding the appropriate technique for a given instrument. High-quality, ...

Instrument calibration should never be taken for granted, and thermal mass flowmeters are no exception. Flowmeters can be built with the highest safety ratings, features, and functions and the most ...