For generations, governments have mounted false flag operations, in which they justify military action by deceptively accusing an enemy of a violent act. However, actual false flags plotted in recent ...

Most false memories aren’t malicious or even intentionally hurtful. However, some false memories can have significant consequences, including in court or legal settings where false memories may ...

Conspiracy theories about so-called false-flag attacks have been around for decades. But as trust in media and public institutions craters, every single major news event is now being labeled as fake.

When comparing puffery vs. false advertising, you'll find that the difference is between legal promotion and illegal marketing claims. Puffery is a legal way of promoting a product or service through ...

For most people, having an at-home COVID test or two handy is just a normal part of life these days. But, if you happen to take a test and get a positive you weren’t expecting, it’s more than ...

Every autumn there are reports of false widow spiders becoming uninvited eight-legged houseguests in homes across the UK. But despite looking similar to the more dangerous black widows, all these ...

Memory shapes us. Our beliefs, thoughts, fears, rationalities – all are shaped by our past experiences in the form of memory. Memories anchor us to the past and help us make sense of the present.

All tests can potentially result in false positives and false negatives. Each test can be studied for how often we can expect false positives and false negatives. The CDC has shared guidelines for how ...

How much can we trust our memories? We know that our mind keeps an imperfect record of the past. We can forget or misremember details, with frustrating consequences. Our attention can be diverted in ...